Disorder | Key Features | Physical Symptoms | Causes | Cognitive & Emotional Impact | Long-Term Effects |
Common Cold (Acute Viral Rhinitis) | Viral infection, mild symptoms | Runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, mild cough | Viral infection (Rhinovirus, Coronavirus) | Irritability, mild fatigue | Self-limiting but can lead to sinusitis or secondary infections |
Bronchitis (Acute/Chronic) | Inflammation of the bronchial tubes | Persistent cough, phlegm, chest discomfort, fatigue | Viral or bacterial infection, smoking, pollutants | Mental fog, stress | Chronic bronchitis leads to COPD |
Pneumonia | Lung infection causing inflammation | Fever, cough with phlegm, difficulty breathing, chest pain | Bacteria, viruses, or fungi | Anxiety, confusion (especially in elderly) | Can be fatal if untreated, scarring of lungs |
Asthma | Chronic airway inflammation | Wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, coughing | Allergies, pollution, genetic predisposition | Anxiety, panic attacks | Permanent airway remodeling if uncontrolled |
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) | Progressive lung disease | Shortness of breath, chronic cough with mucus, fatigue | Smoking, pollutants, long-term exposure to toxins | Depression, frustration due to breathlessness | Irreversible lung damage, reduced lifespan |
Sinusitis | Inflammation of sinuses | Facial pain, nasal congestion, headache, thick mucus | Allergies, infections, structural issues | Poor sleep, irritability | Chronic sinusitis can cause polyps, frequent infections |
Tuberculosis (TB) | Bacterial lung infection (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) | Chronic cough with blood, night sweats, weight loss | Airborne bacterial infection, weakened immunity | Social stigma, isolation, anxiety | Lung damage, organ failure if untreated |
Pulmonary Fibrosis | Scarring of lung tissue | Shortness of breath, dry cough, fatigue | Autoimmune diseases, environmental toxins | Depression, helplessness | Permanent loss of lung function |
Lung Cancer | Malignant tumor in lungs | Persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss, difficulty breathing | Smoking, genetic mutations, toxins | Anxiety, fear | High mortality rate, severe respiratory decline |